Laundry was backbreaking labor that consumed hours of every week. This photograph from Panama shows the physical reality of cleaning clothes by hand—a task that fell almost entirely to women and enslaved people, using methods that had barely changed in centuries.
Your hands are raw from the lye soap. The water is never quite hot enough, and your back aches from bending over the tub. You scrub the same stubborn stain for the third time, wring the heavy fabric until your wrists burn, then carry the dripping load to hang in the sun. Tomorrow you'll do it all again.
Reflect
How much of your week would you have left if laundry still took a full day of hard labor?