Art
In 1895, French painter Claude Monet traveled to Norway and painted industrial sites like this pulp mill in Sandvika. Factories were transforming the landscape and economy of Europe, creating new jobs and reshaping how ordinary people worked and lived.
Art · Full story
Smoke curls from the mill's chimney into the pale Nordic sky. The water below mirrors the industrial structure—a monument to the power that mills harnessed from rivers. Workers inside these buildings tended machines twelve hours a day, their labor turning wood into paper and pulp into profit.
Reflect
What did your grandparents or great-grandparents do for work? How has that changed in your family?